Floral scent in rhythm (Mother flowers)
Compounds (µg/g FW-1*4 h) 21:00-1:00 1:00-5:00 5:00-9:00 9:00-13:00 13:00-17:00 17:00-21:00 21:00-1:00 1:00-5:00 5:00-9:00 9:00-13:00 13:00-17:00 17:00-21:00
Anisole 408.87±137.49a 85.11±8.88b 137.70±3.91b 154.05±27.22b 3.42±0.004b 649.47±333.31a 17.16±19.64b 32.50±42.72b 13.79±16.75b 5.17±3.37b 2.77±0.57b 1.71±0.83b
Guaiacol 0.82±1.04 0.20±0.24 ND ND ND ND 1.68±2.08 ND ND ND ND 0.21±0.08
Bicyclo[2.2.2]octan-1-ol, 2-methyl- ND ND 0.17±0.19 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND
Linalool ND ND ND ND 0.26±0.08 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND
Veratrole 245.25±60.11a 111.82±123.54 68.57±8.49 35.63±14.68 2.05±0.04 208.10±90.70 17.84±20.50 55.10±77.31 26.16±34.35 6.01±3.71 0.97±0.06 0.34±0.12
Methoxyanisole 0.67±0.144 ND 0.17±0.01 0.95±0.38 ND 0.39±0.06 ND 0.12±0.06 ND 0.12±0.15 0.08±0.10 0.07±0.004
Mequinol ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.02±0.02 ND ND ND ND
Tridecane ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.05±0.01 ND ND ND ND ND
1,2-Benzisothiazole ND 0.22±0.30 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.79±0.11
α-Terpineol 0.62±0.18 ND ND 0.22±0.13 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND
Pentadecane 6.58±1.20 4.18±3.16 1.95±1.57 5.67±0.61 1.73±0.62 ND 3.82±5.28 1.43±1.79 1.66±1.61 1.91±1.40 0.25±0.04 0.14±0.03
α-Farnesene ND 1.87±2.42 ND ND 0.97±0.49 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND
Hexadecane ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.38±0.07 ND ND ND ND ND
Cedrol ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.11±0.01 ND ND ND ND ND
6,9-Heptadecadiene ND 5.95±6.93 0.12±0.13 ND ND ND ND ND 0.61±0.82 0.89±1.10 ND ND
8-Heptadecene ND 1.78±1.01 0.15±0.18 ND ND ND 2.31±2.92 0.04±0.03 0.15±0.17 0.27±0.18 ND ND
Heptadecane ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.51±0.39 ND ND ND ND ND
Floral scent in rhythm (Daughter flowers)
Compounds (µg/g FW-1*4 h) 21:00-1:00 1:00-5:00 5:00-9:00 9:00-13:00 13:00-17:00 17:00-21:00 21:00-1:00 1:00-5:00 5:00-9:00 9:00-13:00 13:00-17:00 17:00-21:00
Anisole 366.38±172.56 113.31±15.58 79.96±67.09 21.10±6.64 14.85±4.74 13.82±0.18 11.73±0.61 11.41±1.77 10.06±0.03 15.38±0.92 16.73±3.07 13.82±2.91
Guaiacol 2.09±1.93 0.37±0.18 0.26±0.02 0.11±0.09 0.19±0.02 0.17±0.03 0.19±0.04 0.44±0.002 0.37±0.03 1.28±0.36 1.80±0.63 1.96±0.88
Veratrole 99.55±38.88 66.65±8.56 23.47±15.18 8.88±6.19 7.63±5.98 5.51±3.24 4.69±3.46 5.61±3.38 7.18±5.57 25.73±10.12 35.61±9.85 35.14±9.08
Methoxyanisole 3.11±1.05 1.13±0.62 0.28±0.05 0.08±0.02 0.04±0.01 0.04±0.01 1.63±2.18 2.54±3.50 ND 0.33±0.05 0.48±0.09 0.51±0.14
Pentadecane 22.36±10.45 6.12±6.12 1.02±1.19 2.19±0.13 2.08±0.06 1.34±0.85 4.14±4.41 ND ND ND ND ND
Anisole ratio 0.7395±0.0127 0.6028±0.0266 0.6875±0.3071 0.6636±0.0590 0.6157±0.0768 0.6659±0.0777 0.5418±0.1261 0.5689±0.0418 0.6016±0.1919 0.3617±0.0658 0.3077±0.0125 0.2688±0.0007
Veratrole ratio 0.2051±0.0147 0.3547±0.0124 0.2925±0.2858 0.2568±0.0890 0.2819±0.1185 0.2573±0.1282 0.1955±0.0991 0.2743±0.1463 0.3767±0.1971 0.5806±0.0932 0.6481±0.0355 0.6800±0.0314
Floral scent in rhythm (Grand-daughter flowers)
Compounds (µg/g FW-1*4 h) 21:00-1:00 1:00-5:00 5:00-9:00 9:00-13:00 13:00-17:00 17:00-21:00 21:00-1:00 1:00-5:00 5:00-9:00 9:00-13:00 13:00-17:00 17:00-21:00
Sabinene ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.62±0.20 ND 0.33±0.11 ND ND ND
Guaiacol 0.81±0.22 ND ND ND ND ND 2.09±0.71 ND 0.46±0.10 0.95±0.23 1.19±0.32 0.71±0.04
Veratrole 4.89±2.91 9.09±6.07 2.33±1.39 1.10±0.58 2.12±0.27 1.55±0.20 1.51±0.69 1.18±0.55 1.07±0.38 0.84±0.32 1.25±0.16 0.51±0.01
Methoxyanisole 2.75±1.75 2.64±1.42 ND ND 0.31±0.07 0.87±0.19 0.49±0.17 0.32±0.11 ND 0.22±0.11 ND 0.24±0.03
Floral scent in floral organs
Compounds (µg/g FW-1) Sepal Petal Stamen Pistil
Anisole 2.76±1.85 115.35±86.58 889.71±523.48 438.01±274.49
Veratrole 4.84±1.08 37.61±20.01 105.76±102.04 11.80±6.29
Methoxyanisole 0.22±0.13 0.73±0.22 2.19±1.40 5.23±1.01
Phenol ND 0.02±0.01 ND ND
Guaiacol ND 1.75±1.09 0.76±0.48 0.20±0.05
Benzoic acid, methyl ester ND 0.17±0.03 ND ND
Benzyl alcohol ND ND ND 0.89±0.08
Benzothiazole ND ND ND 0.58±0.52
4-Methoxybenzaldehyde ND ND ND 0.38±0.63
α-Terpineol ND ND 1.47±1.04 ND
Caryophyllene ND ND 0.89±1.50 2.44±1.15
Pentadecane 0.88±0.20 0.89±0.03 ND 0.77±0.26
6,9-Heptadecadiene 0.06±0.04 0.11±0.10 0.27±0.19 0.89±1.39
8-Heptadecene 0.13±0.12 0.19±0.16 0.27±0.14 0.31±0.37
Heptadecane ND 0.03±0.01 ND 0.08±0.05
Anisole ratio 0.51±0.34 0.70±0.09 0.83±0.23 0.94±0.04
Veratrole ratio 0.27±0.17 0.28±0.09 0.17±0.12 0.05±0.02
Methoxyanisole ratio 0.04±0.02 0.0032±0.0012 0.0018±0.0024 0.0073±0.0125
NpOMTs expression levels
NpOMT1 sd NpOMT3 sd NpOMT4 sd NpOMT5 sd NpOMT7 sd NpOMT8 sd NpOMT9 sd NpOMT10 sd NpOMT11 sd
Foliage 7.28583 2.26489 0.20634 0.09242 0 0 13.80313 3.41283 0.34373 0.1305 3.47415 2.58146 0.05938 0.01633 0.53851 0.22151 19.51978 1.19549
Mother flowers 1.57022 0.21005 15.03055 2.63392 0 0 1.1244 0.41468 0.09252 0.04471 19.42733 4.80458 0.03201 0.01108 0.28671 0.10012 0 0
Daughter flowers 1.78707 0.37363 1.66781 0.58631 4.43278 1.26144 1.90447 0.76744 0.46155 0.1761 1.89433 0.53203 0.50892 0.14322 0.7493 0.2423 4.057 2.75809
Granddaughter flowers 2.42923 0.83213 330.33361 10.02893 2.0197 1.15473 7.78138 2.82401 0.26232 0.13488 45.38825 5.82742 0.40271 0.18604 0.1594 0.0764 13.18741 2.79414
NpOMTs expression levels
NpOMT1 sd NpOMT3 sd NpOMT4 sd NpOMT5 sd NpOMT6 sd NpOMT7 sd NpOMT9 sd NpOMT10 sd NpOMT11 sd
Stalk 1.00525 0.10769 1.02418 0.22778 1.05778 0.35794 1.03187 0.28372 1.10436 0.52969 1.11154 0.63368 1.03247 0.23998 1.04064 0.32102 1.05024 0.3739
Sepal 3.93476 0.47922 0.00879 0.00504 2.90214 0.73883 1.85908 0.75314 3.27947 1.43764 0.16644 0.04772 0.08732 0.05569 1.60832 0.56387 1.79068 0.97616
Petals 0.40685 0.11308 0.08865 0.05703 1.62453 0.83349 1.59058 0.5841 1.6274 0.92781 0.05004 0.02062 0.01981 0.0055 0.47975 0.29912 1.2119 0.32675
Stamene 0.07111 0.02481 4.48014 0.77696 1.42865 0.73358 3.99612 0.97978 0 0 0.10426 0.03791 0.00949 0.00569 0.01234 0.00547 10.04436 1.19115
Pistils 4.34487 0.61768 0.80018 0.40936 32.27243 4.65235 32.85383 3.68567 0 0 0.19589 0.11292 0.20258 0.14373 0.03011 0.02173 64.07055 3.52446
NpOMTs substrates
Phenol Catechol Guaiacol Hydroquinone Mequinol
NproOMT1 ─ ─ ─ ─ 0.452±0.003
NproOMT2 ─ ─ ─ 0.211±0.028 0.046±0.006
NproOMT3 0.233±0.020 0.174±0.017 0.034±0.003 0.048±0.005
NproOMT4 ─ ─ ─ ─ 0.033±0.002
NproOMT5 ─ 0.011±0.0002 ─ ─ 0.039±0.003
NproOMT8 0.124±0.021 ─ 0.422±0.010 ─ 0.047±0.002
NproOMT9 0.014±0.001 0.014±0.001 ─ ─ 0.037±0.005
NproOMT10 ─ ─ ─ ─ 0.032±0.003
NproOMT11 ─ 0.004±0.0005 0.035±0.010 ─ 0.035±0.003
NproOMT12 ─ ─ ─ ─ 0.023±0.007
NproOMT13 ─ 0.004±0.002 0.015±0.006 ─ 0.029±0.004
NproOMT14 ─ ─ ─ ─ 0.032±0.002
Data source: Guanhua Liu, Jianyu Fu, Lingyun Wang, Mingya Fang, Wanbo Zhang, Mei Yang, Xuemin Yang, Yingchun Xu, Lin Shi, Xiaoying Ma, Qian Wang, Hui Chen, Cuiwei Yu, Dongbei Yu, Feng Chen, Yifan Jiang*. Diverse O-methyltransferases catalyze the biosynthesis of floral benzenoids that repel aphids from the flowers of waterlily Nymphaea prolifera. Horticulture Research. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhad237
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